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  2. Permanent Settlement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Settlement

    Cornwallis believed that they would immediately accept it and so begin investing in improving their land. In 1790, the Court of Directors issued a ten-year (decennial) settlement to the zamindars, which was made permanent in 1793. [citation needed] By the Permanent Settlement Act of 1793, their right to keep armed forces was removed.

  3. Cornwallis Code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornwallis_Code

    Its best known provision was the Permanent Settlement [1] (or the zamindari system), which established a revenue collection scheme that lasted until the 20th century. Beginning with Bengal, the system spread over all of northern India by means of the issue of a series of regulations dated 1 May 1793.

  4. Revenue Sale Law, 1793 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revenue_Sale_Law,_1793

    In 1793, the Revenue Sale Law was passed which altered the Permanent Settlement. The change made it impossible for Zamindar to claim relief from taxes due to natural disasters such as flooding or drought. It also created a provision that allowed the colonial administration to sell of the property of Zamindars who defaulted on the payment of taxes.

  5. Zamindars of Bengal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamindars_of_Bengal

    The British entrenched the precolonial zamindari system through the Permanent Settlement. The zamindars dominated most of the villages in Bengal by collecting rent from tenant cultivators. [ 2 ] The zamindari system mirrored the European system of serfdom . [ 3 ]

  6. Permanent Settlement - en.wikipedia.org

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Permanent_Settlement

    The Permanent Settlement, also known as the Permanent Settlement of Bengal, was an agreement between the East India Company and landlords of Bengal to fix revenues to be raised from land that had far-reaching consequences for both agricultural methods and productivity in the entire British Empire and the political realities of the Indian countryside.

  7. Economic history of France - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_France

    While the Seven Years' War, 1756–1763, led to an increase in the royal debt and the loss of nearly all of France's North American possessions, it was not until 1775 that the French economy began to truly enter a state of crisis. An extended reduction in agricultural prices over the previous twelve years, with dramatic crashes in 1777 and 1786 ...

  8. Cornwallis in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornwallis_in_India

    [28] [29] Judges were drawn from the company's European employees. These reforms also included changes to the penal codes to begin harmonising the different codes then in use. By the time of his departure in 1793 his work on the penal code, known in India as the Cornwallis Code, was substantially complete. [30]

  9. Company rule in India - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Company_rule_in_India

    In 1793, the new Governor-General, Lord Cornwallis, promulgated the permanent settlement of land revenues in the presidency, the first socio-economic regulation in colonial India. [44] By the terms of the settlement rajas and taluqdars were recognised as zamindars and they were asked to collect the rent from the peasants and pay revenue to the ...