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Estimated rates of bad breath vary from 6% to 50% of the population. [1] Concern about bad breath is the third most common reason people seek dental care, after tooth decay and gum disease. [2] [3] It is believed to become more common as people age. [1] Bad breath is viewed as a social taboo and those affected may be stigmatized.
In the early 20th century, "mouth-breather" was a technical term used by doctors to describe children who were breathing through their mouths due to an underlying medical condition. English lexicographer Jonathon Green notes that by 1915, the phrase "mouth-breather" had developed a pejorative connotation within English slang, defined as a ...
This is important as the plaque that attaches to the surface of the tooth has bacteria that have the ability to cause caries (decay) on the tooth surface. It is recommended to brush children's teeth twice daily using a soft bristled, age and size appropriate toothbrush and if indicated age-appropriate amount of fluoridated toothpaste. [ 11 ]
In these cases, the bad breath may be accompanied by symptoms of the underlying infection like congestion, coughing, pain or a fever. Dehydration "Saliva is really, really important. ...
One of the most common symptoms associated with tonsil stones is severe bad breath, says Brown. Tonsil stones give off an unpleasant smell due to the sulfur compounds emitted by the bacteria ...
Dental caries can also cause bad breath and foul tastes. [16] In highly progressed cases, an infection can spread from the tooth to the surrounding soft tissues. Complications such as cavernous sinus thrombosis and Ludwig angina can be life-threatening. [17] [18] [19]
Plaque accumulation causes the gingiva to become irritated and inflamed, and this is referred to as gingivitis. When the gingiva become so irritated that there is a loss of the connective tissue fibers that attach the gums to the teeth and bone that surrounds the tooth, this is known as periodontitis .
Dental plaque is a biofilm that attaches to tooth surfaces, restorations and prosthetic appliances (including dentures and bridges) if left undisturbed.Understanding the formation, composition and characteristics of plaque helps in its control. [6]