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Both began as figures in more or less satirical literature but achieved their prominence when taken into political cartoons and other visual media. The post-revolutionary Marianne in France, official since 1792, is something of a mixture of styles, sometimes formal and classical, at others a woman of the streets of Paris personified. [ 65 ]
Physiognomy (from Greek φύσις (physis) 'nature' and γνώμων (gnomon) 'judge, interpreter') or face reading is the practice of assessing a person's character or personality from their outer appearance—especially the face.
Pseudoplesiomorphy – a trait that cannot be identified as either a plesiomorphy or an apomorphy that is a reversal. [15] Reversal – a loss of derived trait present in ancestor and the reestablishment of a plesiomorphic trait. Convergence – independent evolution of a similar trait in two or more taxa. Apomorphy – a derived trait.
A character sharing the traits or appearance of its author or creator. [19] The author surrogate may be disguised to some degree, or there may be little attempt to make them appear different (for example, they may have the same first name and job). Jon Arbuckle in the Garfield cartoon strip series; Stan Marsh in the South Park television sitcom ...
Japanese manga has developed a visual language or iconography for expressing emotion and other internal character states. This drawing style has also migrated into anime, as many manga are adapted into television shows and films and some of the well-known animation studios are founded by manga artists.
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species. [a]
Camouflage is an example of eliminating contrast in character in color and/or character specifically to reduce visual hierarchy. The "squint test" is often suggested as a simple, if unscientific, method to evaluate the visual hierarchy of a graphical product like a map or web page. [ 8 ]
Flanderization is a widespread phenomenon in serialized fiction. In its originating show of The Simpsons, it has been discussed both in the context of Ned Flanders and as relating to other characters; Lisa Simpson has been discussed as a classic example of the phenomenon, having, debatably, been even more Flanderized than Flanders himself. [9]