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Sentences without any logical connectives or quantifiers in them are known as atomic sentences; by analogy to atomic formula. Sentences are then built up out of atomic sentences by applying connectives and quantifiers. A set of sentences is called a theory; thus, individual sentences may be called theorems.
a set of operator symbols, called connectives, [18] [1] [50] logical connectives, [1] logical operators, [1] truth-functional connectives, [1] truth-functors, [37] or propositional connectives. [ 2 ] A well-formed formula is any atomic formula, or any formula that can be built up from atomic formulas by means of operator symbols according to ...
Logical connectives can be used to link zero or more statements, so one can speak about n-ary logical connectives. The boolean constants True and False can be thought of as zero-ary operators. Negation is a unary connective, and so on.
The typical example is in propositional logic, wherein a compound statement is constructed using individual statements connected by logical connectives; if the truth value of the compound statement is entirely determined by the truth value(s) of the constituent statement(s), the compound statement is called a truth function, and any logical ...
Here is an example of an argument that fits the form conjunction introduction: Bob likes apples. Bob likes oranges. Therefore, Bob likes apples and Bob likes oranges. Conjunction elimination is another classically valid, simple argument form. Intuitively, it permits the inference from any conjunction of either element of that conjunction.
This method locates as "1" the principal connective — the connective under which the overall evaluation of the formula occurs for the outer-most parentheses (which are often omitted). [19] It also locates the inner-most connective where one would begin evaluatation of the formula without the use of a truth table, e.g. at "level 6".
Venn diagram of (true part in red) In logic and mathematics, the logical biconditional, also known as material biconditional or equivalence or biimplication or bientailment, is the logical connective used to conjoin two statements and to form the statement "if and only if" (often abbreviated as "iff " [1]), where is known as the antecedent, and the consequent.
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