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R (1 bit) Routing Bit. Set to 1 if Routing and Offset information are present. K (1 bit) Key bit. Set to 1 if a key is present. S (1 bit) Sequence number bit. Set to 1 if a sequence number is present. s (1 bit) Strict source route bit. Recur (3 bits) Recursion control bits. Flags (5 bits) Reserved for future use, set to 0. Version (3 bits) Set ...
3.9 – first generally available version for the ASR 9000 router series; 5.0 – first generally available version for the NCS6000 series, which is based upon a Linux kernel instead of QNX, and was released in September 2013 [5] 6.1.1 - Introduces support for the 64-bit Linux-based IOS XR operating system on ASR 9000 series [6]
NetFlow is a feature that was introduced on Cisco routers around 1996 that provides the ability to collect IP network traffic as it enters or exits an interface. By analyzing the data provided by NetFlow, a network administrator can determine things such as the source and destination traffic, class of service, and the causes of congestion.
Cisco's IOS software maintains one IDB for each hardware interface in a particular Cisco switch or router and one IDB for each subinterface. The number of IDBs present in a system varies with the Cisco hardware platform type. Physical and logical interfaces on the switch will be referenced with either expanded or abbreviated port description names.
Packet Tracer is commonly used by NetAcad students, since it is available to download after creating a free account. [10] However, due to functional limitations, it is intended by Cisco to be used only as a learning aid, not a replacement for Cisco routers and switches . [ 9 ]
MTR also has a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) mode (invoked with "-u" on the command line or pressing the "u" key in the curses interface) that sends UDP packets, with the time to live (TTL) field in the IP header increasing by one for each probe sent, toward the destination host. When the UDP mode is used, MTR relies on ICMP port unreachable ...
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR / ˈ s aɪ d ər, ˈ s ɪ-/) is a method for allocating IP addresses for IP routing. The Internet Engineering Task Force introduced CIDR in 1993 to replace the previous classful network addressing architecture on the Internet .
For instance a router may have a static or connected route for a local network segment, which is then redistributed over dynamic routing protocols to enable connectivity to that network. [4] By using the metric to reduce the priority of a static route a fallback can be provided for instance when a DHCP server becomes unavailable. This can also ...