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Recently a web-based database of human and mouse housekeeping genes and reference genes/transcripts, named Housekeeping and Reference Transcript Atlas (HRT Atlas), was developed to offer updated list of housekeeping genes and reliable candidate reference genes/transcripts for RT-qPCR data normalization. [1]
Housekeeping and Reference Transcript Atlas (HRT Atlas) [27] web-based tool for searching cell specific candidate reference genes/transcripts suitable for qPCR experiment normalization. HRT Atlas also describes a complete list of human and mouse housekeeping genes and transcripts
HRT Atlas allows searching of a complete list of reliable candidate reference genes and transcripts for RT-qPCR normalization in more than 120 human and mouse tissues or cell types. The database also offers some empirically validated primers and predicted modifiers (disease and small molecules) of the expression of these reference genes.
These genes are often selected from housekeeping genes as their functions related to basic cellular survival normally imply constitutive gene expression. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This enables researchers to report a ratio for the expression of the genes of interest divided by the expression of the selected normalizer, thereby allowing comparison of the ...
Because the GAPDH gene is often stably and constitutively expressed at high levels in most tissues and cells, it is considered a housekeeping gene. For this reason, GAPDH is commonly used by biological researchers as a loading control for western blot and as a control for qPCR.
Besides reporting guidelines, the MIQE stresses the need to standardize the nomenclature associated with quantitative PCR to avoid confusion; for example, the abbreviation qPCR should be used for quantitative real-time PCR, while RT-qPCR should be used for reverse transcription-qPCR, and genes used for normalization should be referred to as ...
11461 Ensembl ENSG00000075624 ENSMUSG00000029580 UniProt P60709 P60710 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001101 NM_007393 RefSeq (protein) NP_001092 NP_031419 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 5.53 – 5.56 Mb Chr 5: 142.89 – 142.89 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Actin beta (HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee abbreviation ACTB / ACTB) is one of six different actin isoforms which have been ...
Gene specific primers are used to amplify the corresponding gene as with regular PCR and as a result data is usually only obtained for sample sizes of less than 100 genes. The inclusion of housekeeping genes , whose expression should be constant under the conditions, is used for normalisation.