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The following is a partial list of "housekeeping genes." For a more complete and updated list, see HRT Atlas database compiled by Bidossessi W. Hounkpe et al. [ 1 ] The database was constructed by mining more than 12000 human and mouse RNA-seq datasets.
This is a list of housekeeping genes and transcripts stably expressed across 52 human tissues and cell types that may be used for reference purposes after empirical validation: [1] Gene Ensembl Transcript no.
Housekeeping and Reference Transcript Atlas (HRT Atlas) [27] web-based tool for searching cell specific candidate reference genes/transcripts suitable for qPCR experiment normalization. HRT Atlas also describes a complete list of human and mouse housekeeping genes and transcripts
Every cell has a "housekeeping" sigma factor that keeps essential genes and pathways operating. [1] In the case of E. coli and other gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, the "housekeeping" sigma factor is σ 70. [1] Genes recognized by σ 70 all contain similar promoter consensus sequences consisting of two parts. [1]
Thus both the number and type of housekeeping genes interrogated by MLST may differ from species to species. For each of these housekeeping genes, the different sequences are assigned as alleles and the alleles at the loci provide an allelic profile. A series of profiles can then be the identification marker for strain typing.
During trial her housekeeper testified that Helmsley said "only the little people pay taxes." She ended up serving 19 months in prison. Image credits: ProudReaction2204
Essential genes include housekeeping genes (critical for basic cell functions) [112] as well as genes that are expressed at different times in the organisms development or life cycle. [113] Housekeeping genes are used as experimental controls when analysing gene expression, since they are constitutively expressed at a relatively constant level.
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