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A black hole spin-flip occurs when the spin axis of a rotating black hole undergoes a sudden change in orientation due to absorption of a second (smaller) black hole. Spin-flips are believed to be a consequence of galaxy mergers , when two supermassive black holes form a bound pair at the center of the merged galaxy and coalesce after emitting ...
In the Glauber dynamic, however, every spin has an equal chance of being chosen at each time step, regardless of being chosen before. The Metropolis acceptance criterion includes the Boltzmann weight , e − Δ E / T {\displaystyle e^{-\Delta E/T}} , but it always flips a spin in favor of lowering the energy, such that the spin-flip probability is:
That is, the resulting spin operators for higher-spin systems in three spatial dimensions can be calculated for arbitrarily large s using this spin operator and ladder operators. For example, taking the Kronecker product of two spin- 1 / 2 yields a four-dimensional representation, which is separable into a 3-dimensional spin-1 ( triplet ...
The σ z term in T counts the number of spin flips, which we can write in terms of spin-flip creation and annihilation operators: †. The first term flips a spin, so depending on the basis state it either: moves a spin-flip one unit to the right; moves a spin-flip one unit to the left
Classically we have for the angular momentum =. This is the same in quantum mechanics considering and as operators. Classically, an infinitesimal rotation of the vector = (,,) about the -axis to ′ = (′, ′,) leaving unchanged can be expressed by the following infinitesimal translations (using Taylor approximation):
The Sokolov–Ternov effect is the effect of self-polarization of relativistic electrons or positrons moving at high energy in a magnetic field.The self-polarization occurs through the emission of spin-flip synchrotron radiation.
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The transverse field Ising model is a quantum version of the classical Ising model.It features a lattice with nearest neighbour interactions determined by the alignment or anti-alignment of spin projections along the axis, as well as an external magnetic field perpendicular to the axis (without loss of generality, along the axis) which creates an energetic bias for one x-axis spin direction ...