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Geometric group theory grew out of combinatorial group theory that largely studied properties of discrete groups via analyzing group presentations, which describe groups as quotients of free groups; this field was first systematically studied by Walther von Dyck, student of Felix Klein, in the early 1880s, [2] while an early form is found in the 1856 icosian calculus of William Rowan Hamilton ...
In mathematics, geometric group theory is the study of groups by geometric methods. See also Category:Combinatorial group theory . The main article for this category is Geometric group theory .
In geometric group theory, a graph of groups is an object consisting of a collection of groups indexed by the vertices and edges of a graph, together with a family of monomorphisms of the edge groups into the vertex groups. There is a unique group, called the fundamental group, canonically associated to each finite connected graph of
The basis for a free group is not uniquely determined. Being characterized by a universal property is the standard feature of free objects in universal algebra. In the language of category theory, the construction of the free group (similar to most constructions of free objects) is a functor from the category of sets to the category of groups.
The Cayley graph of a free group with two generators. This is a hyperbolic group whose Gromov boundary is a Cantor set. Hyperbolic groups and their boundaries are important topics in geometric group theory, as are Cayley graphs. The (6,4,2) triangular hyperbolic tiling. The triangle group corresponding to this tiling has a circle as its Gromov ...
To see this, given a group G, consider the free group F G on G. By the universal property of free groups, there exists a unique group homomorphism φ : F G → G whose restriction to G is the identity map. Let K be the kernel of this homomorphism. Then K is normal in F G, therefore is equal to its normal closure, so G | K = F G /K.
Algebra and Tiling: Homomorphisms in the Service of Geometry is a mathematics textbook on the use of group theory to answer questions about tessellations and higher dimensional honeycombs, partitions of the Euclidean plane or higher-dimensional spaces into congruent tiles.
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, the Švarc–Milnor lemma (sometimes also called Milnor–Švarc lemma, with both variants also sometimes spelling Švarc as Schwarz) is a statement which says that a group , equipped with a "nice" discrete isometric action on a metric space, is quasi-isometric to .