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In 1979, Lenore E. Walker proposed the concept of battered woman syndrome (BWS). [1] She described it as consisting "of the pattern of the signs and symptoms that have been found to occur after a woman has been physically, sexually, and/or psychologically abused in an intimate relationship, when the partner (usually, but not always a man) exerted power and control over the woman to coerce her ...
For instance, a case control study in Australia on the long-term impact of abuse reported significant associations between child sexual abuse and experiencing rape, sexual and mental health problems, domestic violence and other problems in intimate relationships even after accounting for various family background characteristics. [13]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to domestic violence: . Domestic violence – pattern of abusive behaviors by one or both partners in an intimate relationship, such as marriage, dating, family, or cohabitation.
Physical violence against a woman in Benin. Percentage of women who experienced violence by an intimate partner, 2016 [16] Intimate partner violence occurs between two people in an intimate relationship or former relationship. It may occur between heterosexual or homosexual couples and victims can be male or female.
The four phases of the cycle of abuse. The cycle of abuse is a social cycle theory developed in 1979 by Lenore E. Walker to explain patterns of behavior in an abusive relationship. The phrase is also used more generally to describe any set of conditions which perpetuate abusive and dysfunctional relationships, such as abusive child rearing ...
Controlling behavior in relationships are behaviors exhibited by an individual who seeks to gain and maintain control over another person. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Abusers may utilize tactics such as intimidation or coercion , and may seek personal gain, personal gratification , and the enjoyment of exercising power and control. [ 4 ]
According to Violence against Women in Families and Relationships, "globally, wife-beating is seen as justified in some circumstances by a majority of the population in various countries, most commonly in situations of actual or suspected infidelity by wives or their 'disobedience' toward a husband or partner."
This violence tends to manifest during long-term relationships and is often part of a cycle of abuse in intimate relationships that Native women have experienced since they were children. Higher rates of IPV in Native communities may be correlated with low socioeconomic status. [49]