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The astronomical unit of length is now defined as exactly 149 597 870 700 meters. [4] It is approximately equal to the mean Earth–Sun distance. It was formerly defined as that length for which the Gaussian gravitational constant (k) takes the value 0.017 202 098 95 when the units of measurement are the astronomical units of length, mass and ...
Many TNOs are often just assumed to have Pluto's density of 2.0 g/cm 3, but it is just as likely that they have a comet-like density of only 0.5 g/cm 3. [ 4 ] For example, if a TNO is incorrectly assumed to have a mass of 3.59 × 10 20 kg based on a radius of 350 km with a density of 2 g/cm 3 but is later discovered to have a radius of only 175 ...
M82, a starburst galaxy that has ten times the star formation of a "normal" galaxy [111] Stars are created within galaxies from a reserve of cold gas that forms giant molecular clouds. Some galaxies have been observed to form stars at an exceptional rate, which is known as a starburst. If they continue to do so, they would consume their reserve ...
This is the nearest red giant to the Earth, and the fourth brightest star in the night sky. Pollux (β Geminorum) 9.06 ± 0.03 [93] AD The nearest giant star to the Earth. Spica (α Virginis A) 7.47 ± 0.54 [99] One of the nearest supernova candidates and the sixteenth-brightest star in the night sky. Regulus (α Leonis A) 4.16 × 3.14 [100]
A-type star In the Harvard spectral classification system, a class of main-sequence star having spectra dominated by Balmer absorption lines of hydrogen. Stars of spectral class A are typically blue-white or white in color, measure between 1.4 and 2.1 times the mass of the Sun, and have surface temperatures of 7,600–10,000 kelvin.
Galaxy Type Distance from Earth Magnitude Group Membership Notes Diameter (ly) Millions of light-years Mpc M m - Milky Way: SBbc 0.0265 (to the galactic center) [2] 0.008 [2] −20.8 [1] n/a Local Group: Home galaxy of Earth. Barred spiral galaxy. 87,400 ly 1 Ursa Major III: 0.033 0.010 [3] +2.2 [3] 18.87 [3] [NB 1] Local Group: Satellite of ...
z=3.395 This is a radio galaxy. At the time of discovery, quasar Q0051-279 at z=4.43, discovered in 1987, was the most remote object known. In 1989, quasar PC 1158+4635 was discovered at z=4.73, making it the most remote object known. This was the first galaxy discovered above redshift 3. It was also the first galaxy found above redshift 2.
The second most massive galaxy cluster next to El Gordo is RCS2 J2327, a galaxy cluster with the mass of 2 quadrillion suns. Also has a systematic designation of ACT-CL J0102-4915. [6] [7] [8] Musket Ball Cluster: Named in comparison to the Bullet Cluster, as this one is older and slower galaxy cluster merger than the Bullet Cluster.