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Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) [1] is listed in the DSM-5 under Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders and defined as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness."
[29] [30] The best-evidenced treatment for childhood conduct and externalizing problems more broadly, including youth with ADHD, ODD, and CD, is parent management training, a form of cognitive behavioral therapy.
Parent management training (PMT), also known as behavioral parent training (BPT) or simply parent training, is a family of treatment programs that aims to change parenting behaviors, teaching parents positive reinforcement methods for improving pre-school and school-age children's behavior problems (such as aggression, hyperactivity, temper tantrums, and difficulty following directions).
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a mental disorder in children and adolescents characterized by a persistently irritable or angry mood and frequent temper outbursts that are disproportionate to the situation and significantly more severe than the typical reaction of same-aged peers.
Experiencing trauma can sometimes lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This serious mental health condition is marked by changes in mood, intrusive memories, avoidant behavior, and a ...
Students with EBD are often categorized as "internalizers" (e.g., have poor self-esteem, or are diagnosed with an anxiety disorder or mood disorder) or "externalizers" (e.g., disrupt classroom instruction, or are diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder). Male students may be over ...
According to the American Psychological Association, international adoptees can be more vulnerable to some mental-health difficulties compared with non-adoptees, including eating disorders ...
In a cochrane review article by Jik H Loy, Salley N Merry, etc., the pharmacological treatments are discussed. They express how although there is a large amount of variability with pharmacological treatments of Oppositional Defiant Disorder(ODD) how stimulant medications have shown positive effects for treatment of ODD when commorbid with ADHD.