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Bronchophony may be caused by a solidification of lung tissue around the bronchi – which may indicate lung cancer – or by fluid in the alveoli, which may indicate pneumonia. However, it may also have benign causes, such as wide bronchi. As such, it is usually an indication for further investigation rather than the main basis of a diagnosis.
The only difference between whispered pectoriloquy and bronchophony is the volume at which the patient is asked by the clinician to repeat "ninety-nine" or "baseball." That is, in whispered pectoriloquy, the repeated words are whispered at low volume, and in bronchophony, they are spoken at normal volume.
Egophony (British English, aegophony) is an increased resonance of voice sounds [1] heard when auscultating the lungs, often caused by lung consolidation and fibrosis.It is due to enhanced transmission of high-frequency sound across fluid, such as in abnormal lung tissue, with lower frequencies filtered out.
A positive result on an at-home COVID test is very reliable, according to the CDC. However, a single negative result with an at-home test may not be accurate because you may have taken it before ...
The Berlin definition included ALI as a mild form of ARDS. [53] However, the criteria for the diagnosis of ARDS in the Berlin definition excludes many children, and a new definition for children was termed pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS); this is known as the PALICC definition (2015). [54] [55]
To start talking about how well a test result confirms a disease and then start considering how the same test might be viewed as a marker of no disease (ie is a positive result that for picking up disease or is a positive result that of identifying the normal) is to dither between positive & negative results, PPV & NPV, specificity & sensitivity.
In this case, that parameter is whether air conduction is better than bone conduction. Thus, a "positive" result indicates the healthy state, in contrast to many other medical tests. Therefore, some prefer to avoid using the terms "positive" or "negative", and simply state if the test was normal or abnormal.
Tachypnea, also spelt tachypnoea, is a respiratory rate greater than normal, resulting in abnormally rapid and shallow breathing. [1]In adult humans at rest, any respiratory rate of 12–20 per minute is considered clinically normal, with tachypnea being any rate above that. [2]