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  2. Ackermann steering geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ackermann_steering_geometry

    Simple approximation for designing Ackermann geometry. A simple approximation to perfect Ackermann steering geometry may be generated by moving the steering pivot points [clarification needed] inward so as to lie on a line drawn between the steering kingpins, which is the pivot point, and the centre of the rear axle. [3]

  3. Bicycle and motorcycle geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle...

    Trail can be increased by increasing the wheel size, decreasing or slackening the head angle, or decreasing the fork offset. Trail decreases as head angle increases (becomes steeper), as fork offset increases, or as wheel diameter decreases. Motorcyclists tend to speak of trail in relation to rake angle. The larger the rake angle, the larger ...

  4. Scrub radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrub_radius

    Scrub radius is changed whenever there is a change in wheel offset. For example, when the wheels are pushed out from the body of the car the scrub radius becomes more positive. Older cars tended to have very close to zero scrub radius but often on the positive side, while newer cars with ABS tend to have a negative scrub radius (this is why ...

  5. Wheel sizing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_sizing

    Wheels with Asanti 28 in (710 mm) rims on a police Hummer H2 car. The wheel size is the size designation of a wheel given by its diameter, width, and offset. The diameter of the wheel is the diameter of the cylindrical surface on which the tire bead rides. The width is the inside distance between the bead seat faces.

  6. Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_and_motorcycle...

    The front wheel will usually also steer to that side. In a lean, gravity provides this force. The dynamics of a moving bike are more complicated, however, and other factors can contribute to or detract from this effect. [1] Trail is a function of head angle, fork offset or rake, and wheel size. Their relationship can be described by this ...

  7. Understeer and oversteer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Understeer_and_oversteer

    If a rear-wheel-drive vehicle has enough power to spin the rear wheels, it can initiate oversteer at any time by sending enough engine power to the wheels that they start spinning. Once traction is broken, they are relatively free to swing laterally. Under braking load, more work is typically done by the front brakes.

  8. Caster angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caster_angle

    Caster displacement moves the steering axis ahead of the axis of wheel rotation, as with the front wheels of a shopping cart. Caster angle moves the steering axis from vertical. [3] In automobile racing, the caster angle may be adjusted to optimize handling characteristics for a particular venue. This is all connected to the front wheels.

  9. List of gear nomenclature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gear_nomenclature

    Offset. Offset is the perpendicular distance between the axes of hypoid gears or offset face gears. [1] In the adjacent diagram, (a) and (b) are referred to as having an offset below center, while those in (c) and (d) have an offset above center. In determining the direction of offset, it is customary to look at the gear with the pinion at the ...