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In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing. [1] It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system . The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter ( shell ).
It defaults to display the attributes of all files in the current directory. The file attributes available include read-only, archive, system, and hidden attributes. The command has the capability to process whole folders and subfolders of files and also process all files. The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 and later. [1]
A directory is a logical section of a file system used to hold files. Directories may also contain other directories. The cd command can be used to change into a subdirectory, move back into the parent directory, move all the way back to the root directory or move to any given directory.
Both commands are available in FreeCOM, the command-line interface of FreeDOS. [8] In Windows PowerShell, pushd is a predefined command alias for the Push-Location cmdlet and popd is a predefined command alias for the Pop-Location cmdlet. Both serve basically the same purpose as the pushd and popd commands.
This use of slash can still be found in the command interface under Microsoft Windows. By contrast, Unix uses the hyphen-minus character ("-") as a command-line switch prefix. When directory support was added to MS-DOS in version 2.0, "/" was kept as the switch prefix character for backward compatibility. Microsoft chose the backslash character ...
In addition, the venerable dir command can display and filter junction points via the /aL switch. [8] Finally, the rd command (also known as rmdir) can delete junction points. fsutil.exe: A command-line utility introduced with Windows 2000. Its hardlink sub-command can make hard links or list hard links associated with a file. [9]
COMMAND.COM is the default command-line interpreter for MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows Me.In the case of DOS, it is the default user interface as well. [2] It has an additional role as the usual first program run after boot (init process), hence being responsible for setting up the system by running the AUTOEXEC.BAT configuration file, and being the ancestor of all processes.
To get a command prompt with Unicode instead of Code page 437 or similar, one can use the cmd /U command. In such a command prompt, a batch file with Unicode filenames will work. Also one can use cmd /U to directly execute commands with Unicode as character set. For example, cmd /U /C dir > files.txt creates a file containing a directory ...