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The process of quenching is a progression, beginning with heating the sample. Most materials are heated to between 815 and 900 °C (1,499 and 1,652 °F), with careful attention paid to keeping temperatures throughout the workpiece uniform.
In chemistry, quenching refers to any process which decreases the fluorescent intensity of a given substance. A variety of processes can result in quenching, such as excited state reactions, energy transfer, complex-formation and collisions. As a consequence, quenching is often heavily dependent on pressure and temperature.
In chemistry, work-up refers to the series of manipulations required to isolate and purify the product(s) of a chemical reaction. [1] The term is used colloquially to refer to these manipulations, which may include: deactivating any unreacted reagents by quenching a reaction.
The Ni–Al alloy is prepared by dissolving nickel in molten aluminium followed by cooling ("quenching"). Depending on the Ni:Al ratio, quenching produces a number of different phases. During the quenching procedure, small amounts of a third metal, such as zinc or chromium, are added to enhance the activity of the resulting catalyst.
The Dexter energy transfer rate, , is indicated by the formula: = ′ [] where is the separation of the donor from the acceptor, is the sum of the Van der Waals radii of the donor and the acceptor, and ′ is the normalized spectral overlap integral, where normalized means that both emission intensity and extinction coefficient have been adjusted to unit area.
Quenching is a process of cooling a metal at a rapid rate. This is most often done to produce a martensite transformation. In ferrous alloys, this will often produce a harder metal, while non-ferrous alloys will usually become softer than normal.
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In certain alloy steels, martensite can be formed by working the steel at M s temperature by quenching to below M s and then working by plastic deformations to reductions of cross section area between 20% and 40% of the original. The process produces dislocation densities up to 10 13 /cm 2. The great number of dislocations, combined with ...