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Additionally, because Singapore is a multi-racial and multi-ethnic country, the term "Singaporean" describes citizenship, not an ethnic group. There is a small community of Singaporeans in the United States, consisting largely of expatriate professionals from Singapore and their families as well as international students .
Singaporeans are the citizens and nationals of the sovereign island city-state of Singapore. [4] Singapore is home to a people of a variety of ethno-racial-religious origins, with the city-state itself being a multi-racial, multi-cultural, multi-religious, multi-denominational, multi-lingual, and multi-ethnic country.
Modern Singapore was founded in 1819 [1] and soon after merged with Penang and Malacca to form the Straits Settlements in 1826. After their incorporation as Crown dominions in 1858, British nationality law applied to the Straits Settlements, as was the case elsewhere in the British Empire. [2]
The national flower of Singapore is the hybrid orchid, Vanda 'Miss Joaquim', named in memory of a Singapore-born Armenian woman, who crossbred the flower in her garden at Tanjong Pagar in 1893. [499] Singapore is known as the Lion City and many national symbols such as the coat of arms and the lion head symbol make use of a lion.
The National Registration Act 1965 (last amendment in 2016) legislates the establishment of a national registry, as well as the issuance and usage of NRICs. [3] The government agency responsible for the national registry and issuance of NRICs is the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority (ICA), a department under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
On 22 December 1965, the Constitution Amendment Act was passed under which the Head of State became the President and the State of Singapore became the Republic of Singapore. Singapore later co-founded the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on 8 August 1967 and was admitted into the Non-Aligned Movement in 1970.
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In 2001, the Singapore government started its Baby Bonus scheme. Singapore has one of the lowest fertility rates in the world. [citation needed] In 2012, Singapore total fertility rate (TFR) was 1.20 children born per woman, a sub-replacement fertility rate. Ethnic Chinese had a fertility of 1.07 in 2004 (1.65 in 1990), while Malays had a TFR ...