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Volvulus occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly men. [11] Volvulus can also arise as a rare complication in persons with redundant colon, a normal anatomic variation resulting in extra colonic loops. [12] Sigmoid volvulus is the most-common form of volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract.
Sigmoid colon volvulus, also known as sigmoid volvulus, is volvulus affecting the sigmoid colon. It is a common cause of bowel obstruction [ 1 ] and constipation . It is common in Asia, India (7% of intestinal obstruction ) and especially South India because of the high fibre diet.
The volvulus is corrected (counterclockwise rotation of the bowel), The fibrous Ladd's bands over the duodenum are cut, The mesenteric pedicle is widened by separation of the duodenum and cecum, The small and large bowels are placed in a position that reduces their risk of future volvulus
Peptic ulcer disease may cause perforation of the bowel but rarely requires bowel resection. Peptic ulcer disease is caused by stomach acid overwhelming the protection of mucus production. Risk factors include H. pylori infection, smoking, and NSAID use. The standard treatment is medical management, endoscopy followed by surgical omental patch ...
An ileosigmoid knot or compound volvulus is an uncommon cause of intestinal blockage. [1] The condition arises when ileum loops wrap around the bottom of a redundant sigmoid loop. [ 2 ] In some countries in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, the ileosigmoid knot is a well-known ailment; this condition is uncommon in the West.
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
[3] [6] Chronic disease is a risk factor for acute disease. [7] The best method of diagnosis is angiography, with computed tomography (CT) used when that is not available. [1] Treatment of acute ischemia may include stenting or medications to break down the clot provided at the site of obstruction by interventional radiology. [1]
Ischemic colitis is usually suspected on the basis of the clinical setting, physical examination, and laboratory test results; the diagnosis can be confirmed by endoscopy or by using sigmoid or endoscopic placement of a visible light spectroscopic catheter (see Diagnosis).