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The intelligentsia is a status class composed of the university-educated people of a society who engage in the complex mental labours by which they critique, shape, and lead in the politics, policies, and culture of their society; [1] as such, the intelligentsia consists of scholars, academics, teachers, journalists, and literary writers.
L'Avenir de l'intelligence (The Future of the Intelligentsia) [1] is a philosophical and political essay by the French journalist and politician Charles Maurras, director of L'Action française, published in 1905. This text was published in 1902 in the review Minerva [2] led by journalist René-Marc Ferry. Charles Maurras offers a critique "of ...
lumpenintelligentsia, to depreciatively describe in Britain, "a section of the intelligentsia regarded as making no useful contribution to society, or as lacking taste, culture, etc. Also more generally: the intelligentsia collectively, regarded as worthless or powerless."
Free-floating intellectuals or free-floating intelligentsia (German: Freischwebende Intelligenz) is a term from the sociology of knowledge that was used by the sociologist and philosopher Karl Mannheim in 1929, but was originally coined by the sociologist Alfred Weber. [1]
It is also called the intelligentsia or the literati. American Heritage Dictionary defines the word "clerisy" as "Educated people considered as a group; the literati." [ 1 ] For a concise definition, Onelook defines it as "educated class of intellectual elites."
The Narodniks [a] were members of a movement of the Russian Empire intelligentsia in the 1860s and 1870s, some of whom became involved in revolutionary agitation against tsarism. Their ideology, known as Narodism , Narodnism or Narodnichestvo , [ b ] was a form of agrarian socialism , though it is often misunderstood as populism .
Works about intellectuals, persons who engage in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the reality of society, and who propose solutions for the normative problems of society.
In his view, the Russian intelligentsia was a special moral and ethical phenomenon. Intellectuals in this sense were representatives of different professional groups, different political beliefs, but with a common spiritual and moral foundation. The use of the term "intelligentsia" in this sense was regarded as purely Russian by westerners.