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Files and directories are assigned a group, which define the file's group class. Distinct permissions apply to members of the file's group. The owner may be a member of the file's group. Users who are not the owner, nor a member of the group, comprise a file's others class. Distinct permissions apply to others.
Changes file group ownership chown: Changes file ownership chmod: Changes the permissions of a file or directory cp: Copies a file or directory dd: Copies and converts a file df: Shows disk free space on file systems dir: Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) dircolors: Set up color for ls ...
However, if a file is created in a shared directory that belongs to another group and has the setgid bit set, then the created file will automatically become writable to members of that directory's group as well. On many Linux systems, the USERGROUPS_ENAB variable in /etc/login.defs controls whether commands like useradd or userdel ...
A user named 'torvalds' who belongs primarily to the group 'torvalds' but secondarily to the group 'engineers' makes a directory named 'electronic' under the directory named 'music'. The group ownership of the new directory named 'electronic' inherits 'engineers.' This is the same when making a new file named 'imagine.txt' Without SGID the ...
The file mode which determines the file type and how the file's owner, its group, and others can access the file. A link count telling how many hard links point to the inode. The User ID of the file's owner. The Group ID of the file. The device ID of the file if it is a device file. The size of the file in bytes.
According to BSD Unix semantics, the group ownership given to a newly created file is unconditionally inherited from the group ownership of the directory in which it is created. According to AT&T UNIX System V semantics (also adopted by Linux variants), a newly created file is normally given the group ownership specified by the egid of the ...
user: the owner g: group: users who are members of the file's group o: others: users who are not the owner of the file or members of the group a: all: all three of the above, the same as ugo. (The default if no user-class-letters are specified in the maskExpression.)
This includes the passwd and group databases which store user information – hence getent is a common way to look up user details on Unix. Since getent uses the same name service as the system, getent will show all information, including that gained from network information sources such as LDAP .