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Colloquial names for the condition include "whiskey nose", "gin blossom", and "potato nose". The condition has often been presumed to be a result of alcoholism (even though it remains unclear whether alcohol actually contributes to the development of rhinophyma) which has led to stigmatisation of people with the condition.
Multiple convenience and random samples, as well as research studies in both clinical and nonclinical sample [22] [1] [23] Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha, split half, etc.) Good Cronbach's alpha reported at .88 for measuring depression [22] Inter-rater reliability: Good Kappas range from .64-.81 for depression. [24] Kappa for anxiety is ...
To measure treatment outcome the sum of the ten items is used. A higher score signifies deeper depression. When using the scale to diagnose depression according to ICD-10, there are the following possibilities: Mild depression: A score of 4 or 5 in two of the first three items. Plus a score of at least 3 on two or three of the last seven items.
The nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is a depressive symptom scale and diagnostic tool introduced in 2001 to screen adult patients in primary care settings. . The instrument assesses for the presence and severity of depressive symptoms and a possible depressive disor
Some depression rating scales are completed by patients. The Beck Depression Inventory, for example, is a 21-question self-report inventory that covers symptoms such as irritability, fatigue, weight loss, lack of interest in sex, and feelings of guilt, hopelessness or fear of being punished. [11]
The following diagnostic systems and rating scales are used in psychiatry and clinical psychology.This list is by no means exhaustive or complete. For instance, in the category of depression, there are over two dozen depression rating scales that have been developed in the past eighty years.
The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory – Fourth Edition (MCMI-IV) is the most recent edition of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. The MCMI is a psychological assessment tool intended to provide information on personality traits and psychopathology , including specific mental disorders outlined in the DSM-5 .
The CAGE questionnaire, the name of which is an acronym of its four questions, is a widely used screening test for problem drinking and potential alcohol problems.The questionnaire takes less than one minute to administer, [1] and is often used in primary care or other general settings as a quick screening tool rather than as an in-depth interview for those who have alcoholism.