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Esophageal atresia is a congenital medical condition (birth defect) that affects the alimentary tract. It causes the esophagus to end in a blind-ended pouch rather than connecting normally to the stomach .
Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare congenital malformation characterized by a lack of continuity between the lower and upper esophageal pouches, often associated with tracheoesophageal fistula. [7] Esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is the most common birth defect of the esophagus .
Esophageal diseases can derive from congenital conditions, or they can be acquired later in life. Many people experience a burning sensation in their chest occasionally, caused by stomach acids refluxing into the esophagus , normally called heartburn.
Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TO fistula or TOF) is seen in about 70 percent of patients with VACTERL association, although it can frequently occur as an isolated defect. 15 to 33 percent of patients with TO fistulas will also have congenital heart disease.
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
A Replogle tube is a medical device used in the treatment of babies with esophageal atresia or other blockages of the gastro intestinal tract. It is a double-lumen tube which is inserted through the baby's nostril or mouth into the stomach (or blind-end pouch).
Duodenal atresia is the congenital absence or complete closure of a portion of the lumen of the duodenum. It causes increased levels of amniotic fluid during pregnancy ( polyhydramnios ) and intestinal obstruction in newborn babies.
Ileal atresia – malformation of the ileum, the lower part of the small intestine; Colon atresia – malformation of the colon; Malformations may also occur along multiple portions of the intestinal tract; for instance a malformation that occurs along or spans the length of the jejunum and the ileum is termed jejunoileal atresia. [5] [3]