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John Philoponus (Greek: / f ɪ ˈ l ɒ p ə n ə s /; Ἰωάννης ὁ Φιλόπονος, Ioánnis o Philóponos; c. 490 – c. 570), also known as John the Grammarian or John of Alexandria, was a Coptic Miaphysite [1] philologist, Aristotelian commentator and Christian theologian from Alexandria, Byzantine Egypt, who authored a number of philosophical treatises and theological works.
Traditionally, this was often believed to be the same person as John the Apostle (John, son of Zebedee), one of the apostles of Jesus, to whom the Gospel of John was also attributed. [8] The early-2nd-century writer, Justin Martyr, was the first to equate the author of Revelation with John the Evangelist. [9] [citation needed]
The majority of scholars see four sections in the Gospel of John: a prologue (1:1–18); an account of the ministry, often called the "Book of Signs" (1:19–12:50); the account of Jesus's final night with his disciples and the passion and resurrection, sometimes called the Book of Glory [33] or Book of Exaltation (13:1–20:31); [34] and a ...
Stephen L. Harris claims that John adapted Philo's concept of the Logos, identifying Jesus as an incarnation of the divine Logos that formed the universe. [7]While John 1:1 is generally considered the first mention of the Logos in the New Testament, arguably, the first reference occurs in the book of Revelation.
Page from the Gospel of Judas Mandaean Beth Manda in Nasiriyah, southern Iraq, in 2016, a contemporary-style mandi. Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός, romanized: gnōstikós, Koine Greek: [ɣnostiˈkos], 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among early Christian sects.
The development of Christian ideas represents a break with the philosophy of the Greeks, bearing in mind that the starting point of Christian philosophy is the Christian religious message. Lara divides Christian philosophy into three eras: Early philosophy: Patristics (2nd–7th centuries) Medieval philosophy: Scholastics (9th–13th centuries)
The word philosophy comes from the Ancient Greek words φίλος (philos) ' love ' and σοφία (sophia) ' wisdom '. [2] [a] Some sources say that the term was coined by the pre-Socratic philosopher Pythagoras, but this is not certain. [4] Physics was originally part of philosophy, like Isaac Newton's observation of how gravity affects ...
The history of philosophy is the systematic study of the development of philosophical thought. It focuses on philosophy as rational inquiry based on argumentation, but some theorists also include myth, religious traditions, and proverbial lore. Western philosophy originated with an inquiry into the fundamental nature of the cosmos in Ancient ...
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