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The name "VAP test" uses a technology, the vertical auto profile, to measure and report risk factors for patients who are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease that are not captured by routine cholesterol testing. Its accuracy is unaffected by triglycerides and can be performed in a non-fasting state.
The remainder of the serum cholesterol after subtracting the HDL is the non-HDL cholesterol. The concentration of these other components, which may cause atheroma, is known as the non-HDL-C. This is now preferred to LDL-C as a secondary marker as it has been shown to be a better predictor and it is more easily calculated. [10]
The chemical reaction is the same as the total cholesterol measurement, except that the enzymes are blocked from acting on non-HDL lipoproteins by the reagent and their own PEG tails. [8] From these three data LDL may be calculated. According to Friedewald's equation: [9] [LDL] = [Total cholesterol] − [HDL] − [Triglycerides] / 5
Hyperlipidemia is abnormally high levels of any or all lipids (e.g. fats, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids) or lipoproteins in the blood. [2] The term hyperlipidemia refers to the laboratory finding itself and is also used as an umbrella term covering any of various acquired or genetic disorders that result in that finding. [3]
A blood sample after 12-hours of fasting is taken by a healthcare professional from an arm vein to measure a lipid profile for a) total cholesterol, b) HDL cholesterol, c) LDL cholesterol, and d) triglycerides. [3] [104] Results may be expressed as "calculated", indicating a calculation of total cholesterol, HDL, and triglycerides. [3]
For example, very-low-density lipoproteins carry the triglycerides synthesized by our body and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) transport cholesterol to our peripheral tissues. [6] [1] A number of these lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver, but not all of them originate from this organ. [1]
Under certain abnormal physiological conditions such as system infection or sepsis, the major components of HDL become altered, [9] [10] The composition and quantity of lipids and apolipoproteins are altered as compared to normal physiological conditions, such as a decrease in HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), phospholipids, apoA-I (a major lipoprotein ...
Hypercholesterolemia; Other names: Hypercholesterolaemia, high cholesterol: A color photograph of two bags of thawed fresh frozen plasma: The bag on the left was obtained from a donor with hypercholesterolemia, and contains altered serum lipid levels, while the bag obtained from a normal donor contains regular serum lipid levels.