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The lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in atomic radii and ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series, from left to right. It is caused by the poor shielding effect of nuclear charge by the 4f electrons along with the expected periodic trend of increasing electronegativity and nuclear charge on moving from left to right.
The lanthanide contraction, i.e. the reduction in size of the Ln 3+ ion from La 3+ (103 pm) to Lu 3+ (86.1 pm), is often explained by the poor shielding of the 5s and 5p electrons by the 4f electrons. [18] Lanthanide oxides: clockwise from top center: praseodymium, cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, samarium and gadolinium.
In female humans and other mammals, [1] the clitoral hood (also called preputium clitoridis, clitoral prepuce, and clitoral foreskin) [2] is a fold of skin that surrounds and protects the glans of the clitoris; it also covers the external clitoral shaft, develops as part of the labia minora and is homologous with the foreskin (also called the prepuce) in the male reproductive system.
The reductions in atomic size due to the interjection of the d- and f-blocks are referred to as, respectively, the 'scandide' or 'd-block contraction', [n 3] and the 'lanthanide contraction'. [13] Relativistic effects also "increase the binding energy", and hence ionisation energy, of the electrons in "the 6s shell in gold and mercury, and the ...
The internal anatomy of the human vulva, with the clitoral hood and labia minora indicated as lines.. The clitoris is the homolog to the penis in the male. Similarly, the clitoris and its erection can subtly differ in size.
It is the most notable exception to the general trend of the contraction of lanthanide atoms with the increase of their atomic numbers (lanthanide contraction [7]). Many properties of promethium rely on its position among lanthanides and are intermediate between those of neodymium and samarium.
For example, the orbits are superior to the oris, and the pelvis is inferior to the abdomen. [1] Proximal and distal, which describe a position that is closer to (proximal) or farther from (distal) the trunk of the body. [1] For example, the shoulder is proximal to the arm, and the foot is distal to the knee.
Human anatomy is the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human. It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy . Gross anatomy (also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy) is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision.