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When R 3 is OH, the imine is called an oxime, and when R 3 is NH 2 the imine is called a hydrazone. A primary imine in which C is attached to both a hydrocarbyl and a H (derived from an aldehyde) is called a primary aldimine; a secondary imine with such groups is called a secondary aldimine. [10]
General structure of an imine. Schiff bases are imines in which R 3 is an alkyl or aryl group (not a hydrogen). R 1 and R 2 may be hydrogens General structure of an azomethine compound. In organic chemistry, a Schiff base (named after Hugo Schiff) is a compound with the general structure R 1 R 2 C=NR 3 (R 3 = alkyl or aryl, but not hydrogen).
The Schiff base is an electrophile which reacts in a second step in an electrophilic addition with an enol formed from a carbonyl compound containing an acidic alpha-proton. The Mannich reaction is a condensation reaction. [4]: 140 In the Mannich reaction, primary or secondary amines or ammonia react with formaldehyde to form a Schiff base ...
The Staudinger synthesis, also called the Staudinger ketene-imine cycloaddition, is a chemical synthesis in which an imine 1 reacts with a ketene 2 through a non-photochemical 2+2 cycloaddition to produce a β-lactam 3. [1] The reaction carries particular importance in the synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics. [2]
Reaction of cyclohexylamine with acetaldehyde forming an imine. Sodium sulfate removes water [1] In organic chemistry, alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution is the organic reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines to imines. [2] The reaction name is based on the IUPAC Nomenclature for Transformations.
First, the nickel metal dehydrogenates the alcohol to form a ketone and Ni-H complex. Then, the ketone reacts with ammonia to form an imine. Finally, the imine reacts with Ni-H to regenerate catalyst and form primary amine. An example of a homogeneous catalytic system is the reductive amination of ketones done with an iridium catalyst. [20]
Instead of conversion of the cyanohydrin to a lactone, the cyanohydrin is reduced with hydrogen, using palladium on barium sulfate as the catalyst and water as the solvent, to form an imine. Due to the presence of water, the imine quickly hydrolyzes to form an aldehyde, thus the final sugars are produced in just two steps rather than three.
Relevant to the inner sphere mechanism are the two modes by which imines can coordinate, as a π or as a σ-donor ligand. The pi-imines are also susceptible to conversion to iminium ligands upon N-protonation. The binding mode for the imine is unclear, both η 1 (σ-type) and η 2 (π-type). The final step in the mechanism is release of the ...