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The amount of heat delivered by a solar water heating system depends primarily on the amount of heat delivered by the sun at a particular place . In the tropics insolation can be relatively high, e.g. 7 kWh/m 2 per day, versus e.g., 3.2 kWh/m 2 per day in temperate areas. Even at the same latitude average insolation can vary a great deal from ...
Copper is used both in receivers and in primary circuits (pipes and heat exchangers for water tanks) of solar thermal water systems. [60] Heat gain is the heat accumulated from the sun in the system. Solar thermal heat is trapped using the greenhouse effect; the greenhouse effect in this case is the ability of a reflective surface to transmit ...
The CLF is the cooling load at a given time compared to the heat gain from earlier in the day. [1] [5] The SC, or shading coefficient, is used widely in the evaluation of heat gain through glass and windows. [1] [5] Finally, the SCL, or solar cooling load factor, accounts for the variables associated with solar heat load.
As an example, the same solar-thermal water heating system installed in a single-family house in Arizona might have f=0.75 (75%), while in a much colder and cloudier climate, like Pittsburgh, PA, might only have a solar fraction of f=0.3 (30%) or so. Great care is thus needed in designing such systems, and in evaluating their economics.
The term "solar collector" commonly refers to a device for solar hot water heating, but may refer to large power generating installations such as solar parabolic troughs and solar towers or non-water heating devices such as solar cookers or solar air heaters. [1] Solar thermal collectors are either non-concentrating or concentrating.
Development in the solar water heating sector progressed steadily throughout the 1990s, and annual growth rates have averaged 20% since 1999. [121] Although generally underestimated, solar water heating and cooling is by far the most widely deployed solar technology with an estimated capacity of 154 GW as of 2007. [121]
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