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Alchemical symbols were used to denote chemical elements and compounds, as well as alchemical apparatus and processes, until the 18th century. Although notation was partly standardized, style and symbol varied between alchemists.
In ancient Greek medicine, each of the four humours became associated with an element. Blood was the humor identified with air, since both were hot and wet. Other things associated with air and blood in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of spring, since it increased the qualities of heat and moisture; the sanguine temperament (of a person dominated by the blood humour ...
This system consisted of the four classical elements of air, earth, fire, and water, in addition to a new theory called the sulphur-mercury theory of metals, which was based on two elements: sulphur, characterizing the principle of combustibility, "the stone which burns"; and mercury, characterizing the principle of metallic properties.
Above, Puer is shown to have the Fire, Air, and Earth lines active, but the Water line remains passive. Each of the figures is composed of four lines, each line containing either one or two points. Each line represents one of the four classical elements: from top to bottom, the lines represent fire, air, water, and earth. When a line has a ...
Earth and the other Greek classical elements were incorporated into the Golden Dawn system. Zelator is the elemental grade attributed to earth; this grade is also attributed to the Sephirot of Malkuth. [6] The elemental weapon of earth is the Pentacle. [7] Each of the elements has several associated spiritual beings.
The Tetractys symbolizes the four classical elements—air, fire, water, and earth. The Tetractys represented the organization of space: the first row represented zero dimensions (a point) the second row represented one dimension (a line of two points) the third row represented two dimensions (a plane defined by a triangle of three points)
In Chinese mysticism, the classical element "Earth" is represented by the trigram of three broken lines in the I Ching (☷). [6] The Western (early modern) alchemical symbol for earth is a downward-pointing triangle bisected by a horizontal line (🜃). [7] Other symbols for the earth in alchemy or mysticism include the square and the serpent. [8]
According to Aristotle, water is both cold and wet and occupies a place between air and earth among the elemental spheres. [2] Alchemical symbol for water. In ancient Greek medicine, each of the four humours became associated with an element. Phlegm was the humor identified with water, since both were cold and wet.