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The 30-06 Springfield cartridge (pronounced “thirty-ought-six”, "thirty-oh-six") or 7.62×63mm in metric notation, was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 (hence “06”) where it was in use until the late 1970s. It remains a very popular sporting round, with ammunition produced by all major manufacturers.
Since its dimensions are taken from the 30-06 cartridge from the 1906 US Army cartridge, the lower half of these case dimensions have been used for designing the .243 Winchester, 25-06, .270 Winchester, .280 Remington, 7mm-08, .308, .30-06, .35 Whelen, and others.
The .243 produces a velocity of 3,200 feet (980 m) per second from factory-loaded expanding monolithic copper projectiles weighing 85 grains (5.5 g) fired from a 24-inch (610 mm) barrel. [28] Other variations of commercially loaded .243 ammunition are available with bullet weights ranging from 55 grains (3.6 g) up to 115 grains (6.8 g).
The .30-06 Springfield cartridge case can hold 68.2 grains and has a volume of 4.42 millilitres (0.270 in 3). The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in bolt-action rifles and machine guns alike, under extreme conditions. [citation needed].30-06 Springfield maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions.
For example, if we compare the .25 WSSM to the .25-06 Remington, we find that the .25-06 requires a .30-06 length action, commonly called a standard or long action. The .25 WSSM case which is almost a full inch shorter, can make use of an existing short action such as used by the 5.56 NATO and .223 Remington family of cartridges.
.243 Winchester.270 Winchester.308 Winchester.300 Winchester Magnum.338 Winchester Magnum. 5.56×45mm NATO.30-06 Springfield. 7.62×39mm. 2011 United States: Ruger M77.220 Swift.22-250 Remington.243 Winchester.25-06 Remington.257 Roberts.264 Winchester Magnum.270 Winchester.284 Winchester.280 Remington.30-06 Springfield.308 Winchester
Barrels were tapered with lengths, depending on year and caliber, ranging from 22 to 26 inches. ... 30-06 1961 222 Rem 243 Win 244 Rem 270 Win 280 Rem 30-06 .375 H&H ...
O ratio is also used to predict barrel life in cartridges of the same caliber, but not of different calibres, since the ratio is an extensive quantity that does not correlate to temperature or pressure (e.g. a .50 cal straight cartridge may have the same overbore as a highly necked down .17 cal cartridge).