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2. Speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_Light

   A method of measuring the speed of light is to measure the time needed for light to travel to a mirror at a known distance and back. This is the working principle behind experiments by Hippolyte Fizeau and Léon Foucault. The setup as used by Fizeau consists of a beam of light directed at a mirror 8 kilometres (5 mi) away. On the way from the ...

3. Fizeau's measurement of the speed of light in air - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizeau's_measurement_of_the...

   At 3 times the speed it was again eclipsed. [3] [4] Given the rotational speed of the wheel and the distance between the wheel and the mirror, Fizeau was able to calculate a value of 2 × 8633m × 720 × 25.2/s = 313,274,304 m/s for the speed of light. Fizeau's value for the speed of light was 4.5% too high. [5] The correct value is 299,792,458 ...

4. Faster-than-light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faster-than-light

   Particles whose speed exceeds that of light have been hypothesized, but their existence would violate causality and would imply time travel. The scientific consensus is that they do not exist. According to all observations and current scientific theories, matter travels at slower-than-light ( subluminal ) speed with respect to the locally ...

5. Foucault's measurements of the speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foucault's_measurements_of...

   In 1845, Arago suggested to Fizeau and Foucault that they attempt to measure the speed of light. Sometime in 1849, however, it appears that the two had a falling out, and they parted ways. [5]: 124 [3] In 1848−49, Fizeau used, not a rotating mirror, but a toothed wheel apparatus to perform an absolute measurement of the speed of light in air.

6. Speed of light (cellular automaton) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light_(cellular...

   In Conway's Game of Life (and related cellular automata), the speed of light is a propagation rate across the grid of exactly one step (either horizontally, vertically or diagonally) per generation. In a single generation, a cell can only influence its nearest neighbours , and so the speed of light (by analogy with the speed of light in physics ...

7. One-way speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-way_speed_of_light

   The two-way speed of light is the average speed of light from one point, such as a source, to a mirror and back again. Because the light starts and finishes in the same place, only one clock is needed to measure the total time; thus, this speed can be experimentally determined independently of any clock synchronization scheme.

8. Fizeau experiment - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizeau_experiment

   [S 5]: 33 The overall speed of a beam of light should be a simple additive sum of its speed through the water plus the speed of the water. That is, if n is the index of refraction of water, so that c/n is the speed of light in stationary water, then the predicted speed of light w in one arm would be [S 2]: 40

9. Rømer's determination of the speed of light - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rømer's_determination_of...

   Ole Rømer (1644–1710) became a government official in his native Denmark after his discovery of the speed of light (1676). The engraving is probably posthumous. Rømer's determination of the speed of light was the demonstration in 1676 that light has an apprehensible, measurable speed and so does not travel instantaneously.