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Memantine does not undergo extensive metabolism. [9] It is negligibly metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzymes. [8] [9] As a result, it has a decreased potential for drug interactions. [9] Metabolites of memantine include memantine glucuronide, 6-hydroxymemantine, and 1-nitrosomemantine, all of which show minimal activity as NMDA receptor ...
See the list of steroid metabolism modulators instead for steroid/sterol-specific CYP450s, including: CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase) CYP7B1 (25-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase) CYP8B1 (sterol 12α-hydroxylase) CYP11A1 (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme; P450scc) CYP11B1 (steroid 11β-hydroxylase) CYP11B2 (aldosterone synthase)
Amantadine was initially developed to prevent replication of the influenza A virus. [18] Its main clinical use today is treatment of Parkinson's disease. [18] Other uses include treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal side effects, motor fluctuations during levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, and autistic spectrum disorders.
1555 13088 Ensembl ENSG00000197408 ENSMUSG00000030483 UniProt P20813 P12791 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000767 NM_009999 RefSeq (protein) NP_000758 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 40.99 – 41.02 Mb Chr 7: 25.6 – 25.63 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cytochrome P450 2B6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CYP2B6 gene. CYP2B6 is a member of the cytochrome P450 group of ...
Memantine/donepezil, sold under the brand name Namzaric among others, is a fixed dose combination medication used for the treatment of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. [1] It contains memantine , as the hydrochloride, a NMDA receptor antagonist ; and donepezil as the hydrochloride, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor . [ 1 ]
First-pass metabolism may occur in the liver (for propranolol, lidocaine, clomethiazole, and nitroglycerin) or in the gut (for benzylpenicillin and insulin). [4] The four primary systems that affect the first pass effect of a drug are the enzymes of the gastrointestinal lumen, [5] gastrointestinal wall enzymes, [6] [7] [8] bacterial enzymes [5] and hepatic enzymes.
Like memantine, nitromemantine is a low-affinity voltage-dependent uncompetitive antagonist at glutamatergic NMDA receptors, however nitromemantine selectively inhibits extrasynaptic NMDA receptors while sparing normal physiological synaptic NMDA receptor activity, resulting in less side effects and a greater neuroprotective action, as well as stimulating regrowth of synapses with prolonged ...
Memantine has a more targeted pharmacological profile for the glutamate system, reduced incidence of psychosis and may therefore be preferred for individuals who cannot tolerate amantadine. Topiramate is another treatment option for resistant catatonia; it produces its therapeutic effects by producing glutamate antagonism via modulation of AMPA ...