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The Incense Route – Desert Cities in the Negev site comprises the Negev, southern Israel, which connected Arabia to the Mediterranean in the Hellenistic-Roman period. During the period from 300 BC to 200 AD, four towns which prospered in the Negev Desert were Avdat, Haluza, Mamshit, and Shivta.
The Negev (/ ˈ n ɛ ɡ ɛ v / NEG-ev; Hebrew: הַנֶּגֶב, romanized: hanNégev) or Negeb, Arabic: النقب, romanized: an-Naqab, is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The region's largest city and administrative capital is Beersheba (pop. 214,162), in the north.
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (/ ˈ s aɪ n aɪ / SY-ny; Arabic: سِينَاء; Egyptian Arabic: سينا; Coptic: Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is a land bridge between Asia and Africa.
It covers most of the Negev desert, as well as the Arava valley. The population of the Southern District is 1,086,240 and its area is 14,185 km 2. Its population is 79.66% Jewish and 12.72% Arab (mostly Muslim), with 7.62% of other origins. [4] Geographical distribution of the main ethno-cultural communities in the Southern District in 2008. [5]
Negev Mountains is a mountainous area in the north-western part of the Negev desert, in Israel. Mount Ramon is the summit of Negev Mountains and the highest point in southern Israel, reaching 1,037 metres (3,402 ft). Most of the area belongs to Negev Mountains Nature Reserve, the largest reserve in Israel.
Shivta was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in June 2005, as part of the Incense Route and the Desert Cities of the Negev, together with Haluza/Elusa, Avdat and Mamshit/Mampsis. [4] [5] The name Shivta is a modern Hebraization, given by the Negev Naming Committee in the early 1950s. [6] [1] The Greek name Sobata was mentioned in the ...
The Roman province "Palaestina Salutaris" In accordance with the population distribution, both the Romans [16] [17] and the early Arabs [18] organized the region territorially in such a way that the Negev was not grouped with Palestine, but rather with the rest of the Sinai Peninsula and parts of what is now southwestern Jordan and the northwestern Hejaz.
The Negev has five makhteshes: Makhtesh Ramon, Makhtesh Gadol, Makhtesh Katan, and two small makhteshes on Mount Arif, south of Makhtesh Ramon. Makhtesh Ramon is exceptional as it is drained by two rivers (Nahal Ramon and Nahal Ardon). It is the largest makhtesh at over 40 km long, 2–10 km wide and over 500 m deep.