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The French Lumière brothers publicly screen some of the earliest films in the history of cinema in various locations in Italy. The first Italian director is considered to be Vittorio Calcina, a collaborator of the Lumière Brothers, who filmed Pope Leo XIII in 1896, giving birth to the cinema of Italy. [13] 1900: the population is about 32.4 ...
Political map of Italy in the year 1843. Following the defeat of Napoleon's France, the Congress of Vienna (1815) was convened to redraw the European continent. In Italy, the Congress restored the pre-Napoleonic patchwork of independent governments, either directly ruled or strongly influenced by the prevailing European powers, particularly ...
Italy took the initiative in entering the war in spring 1915, despite strong popular and elite sentiment in favor of neutrality. Italy was a large, poor country whose political system was chaotic, its finances were heavily strained, and its army was very poorly prepared. [160] The Triple Alliance meant little either to Italians or Austrians.
Di Scala, Spencer M. Italy: From Revolution to Republic, 1700 to the Present. (1998) 436pp online edition; Domenico, Roy. The Regions of Italy: A Reference Guide to History and Culture (2002) online edition Archived 2011-06-05 at the Wayback Machine; Duggan, Christopher. The Force of Destiny: A History of Italy Since 1796 (2008) excerpt and ...
Italy, [a] officially the Italian Republic, [b] is a country in Southern [12] and Western Europe. [13] [c] It consists of a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as nearly 800 islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. [15]
Oldest still-inhabited city founded by Spaniards in Colombia. São Vicente, São Paulo: Governorate General of Brazil Brazil: 1532 AD First Portuguese city in the Americas. [66] Piura: Peru Peru: 1532 AD Oldest European-founded city in Peru. [67] Lima: Peru Peru: 1535 AD Second-oldest continuously inhabited European-settled capital city in ...
1108 - The church of San Clemente is in this year rebuilt. 1140 - The church of Santa Maria in Trastevere is restored. 1200 - The city becomes an independent commune; 1232 - The cloisters in the Basilica of St. John Lateran are finished. 1300 - Pope Boniface VIII proclaims the First Holy Year. 1309 - The Papacy is moved to Avignon under Pope ...
Meanwhile, the islands of Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and Malta were added to Italy by Diocletian. The city of Rome declined as the center of power as new capitals were established outside Italy, such as Nicomedia, Sirmium, and later Constantinople. [11] However, Italy remained the centre of the Western Roman Empire in late antiquity.