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William Moulton Marston (May 9, 1893 – May 2, 1947), also known by the pen name Charles Moulton (/ ˈ m oʊ l t ən /), was an American psychologist who, with his wife Elizabeth Holloway, invented an early prototype of the polygraph. He was also known as a self-help author and comic book writer who created the character Wonder Woman. [1]
John Augustus Larson (11 December 1892 – 1 October 1965) was a police officer and forensic psychiatrist and became famous for his invention of the modern polygraph device used in forensic investigations. [1] He was the first American police officer with an academic doctorate and to use the polygraph in criminal investigations.
One of the earlier uses of the Keeler Polygraph was in 1937, in connection to the murder of 5-year-old Roger William Loomis in Lombard, Illinois. The subject was Grace Yvonne Loomis, the child's mother. [3] In 1938, Keeler conducted a polygraph test upon Francis Sweeney, the chief suspect in the Cleveland torso murders. Sweeney failed to pass ...
Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; July 4, 1910 – February 23, 2003) was an American sociologist who is considered a founding father of modern sociology, and a major contributor to the subfield of criminology.
One criticism is that the theory "confounds emotion and deception", [1] like use of the polygraph [21] in assuming that an innocent person and a guilty one will feel different emotions in a situation which has severe possible outcomes. Concerns with such emotionally-based theories have led later researchers to develop theories based on ...
Grover Cleveland "Cleve" Backster Jr. (February 27, 1924 – June 24, 2013) was an interrogation specialist for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), best known for his experiments with plants using a polygraph instrument in the 1960s which led to his theory of primary perception where he claimed that plants feel pain and have extrasensory perception (ESP), which was widely reported in the media.
In sociology, social psychology (also known as sociological social psychology) studies the relationship between the individual and society. [1] [2] Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of psychology, sociological social psychology places relatively more emphasis on the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as ...
Durkheim distinguishes sociology from other sciences and justifies his rationale. [1] Sociology is the science of social facts. Durkheim suggests two central theses, without which sociology would not be a science: It must have a specific object of study. Unlike philosophy or psychology, sociology's proper object of study are social facts.