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In this scale, muscle strength is graded on a scale from 0 to 5. For evaluating the strength of the intrinsic hand muscles, a small modification to the standard MRC grading has been made so that grade 3 indicates ‘full active range of motion’ as compared to ‘movement against gravity’: [2]
1 Radial side of the proximal phalanx of the index finger: 2 Radial side of the middle phalanx of the index finger: 3 Tip of the index finger: 4 Tip of the middle finger: 5 Tip of the ring finger: 6 Tip of the little finger: 7 Distal interphalangeal joint crease of the little finger: 8 Proximal interphalangeal joint crease of the little finger: 9
Range of motion (or ROM) is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another. In biomechanics and strength training , ROM refers to the angular distance and direction a joint can move between the flexed position and the extended position. [ 1 ]
In applications of grip strength, the wrist must be in a neutral position to avoid developing cumulative trauma disorders. Grip strength is a general term also used to refer to the physical strength of an animal and, for athletes , to the muscular power and force that can be generated with the hands .
The SL angle goes between: [1] - A line through the long axis of the scaphoid bone. - A line perpendicular to the distal articular surface of the lunate bone. It should normally be 30°-60°. [1] Dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) is a deformity of the wrist where the lunate bone angulates to the dorsal side of the hand. [2] [3]
The median nerve innervates the flexors of the wrist and digits, the abductors and opponens of the thumb, the first and second lumbricals. The ulnar nerve innervates the remaining intrinsic muscles of the hand. [3] [4] All muscles of the hand are innervated by the brachial plexus (C5–T1) and can be classified by innervation: [1] [4] [5]
A standardised measuring tape is used to ascertain the mid-upper arm circumference of a child. The anthropometric measures of the upper arm are divided into principal measures, which are measured directly, and derived measures, which are derived from the principal measures using specific formulae and empirically-derived corrections.
The wrist (Latin: carpus), [5] composed of the carpal bones, articulates at the wrist joint (or radiocarpal joint) proximally and the carpometacarpal joint distally. The wrist can be divided into two components separated by the midcarpal joints. The small movements of the eight carpal bones during composite movements at the wrist are complex to ...