Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Rheumatoid factor (RF) is the autoantibody that was first found in rheumatoid arthritis. It is defined as an antibody against the Fc portion of IgG and different RFs can recognize different parts of the IgG-Fc. [ 1 ]
The IgG, IgE and IgA antibody isotypes are generated following class-switching during germinal centre reaction and provide different effector functions in response to specific antigens. IgG is the most abundant antibody class in the serum and it is divided into 4 subclasses based on differences in the structure of the constant region genes and ...
This region allows antibodies to activate the immune system, for example, through binding to Fc receptors. In IgG , IgA and IgD antibody isotypes , the Fc region is composed of two identical protein fragments, derived from the second and third constant domains of the antibody's two heavy chains ; IgM and IgE Fc regions contain three heavy chain ...
The technique consists of depositing a serum (or urine which has been previously concentrated) sample on a gel. After application of an electric current that allows the separation of proteins according to their size, antibodies specific for each type of immunoglobulin are laid upon the gel. It thus appears to be more or less narrow bands on the ...
This is in contrast to rheumatoid arthritis [6] with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) [7] because anti-cardiolipin antibodies are present in both conditions, and therefore may tie the two conditions together. Anti-cardiolipin antibodies can be classified in two ways: As IgM, IgG or IgA; As β 2-glycoprotein dependent or independent
IgA exists in two isotypes, IgA1 and IgA2.They are both heavily glycosylated proteins. [9] While IgA1 predominates in serum (~80%), IgA2 percentages are higher in secretions than in serum (~35% in secretions); [10] the ratio of IgA1 and IgA2 secreting cells varies in the different lymphoid tissues of the human body: [11]
Mechanism of class-switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells. Immunoglobulin class switching, also known as isotype switching, isotypic commutation or class-switch recombination (CSR), is a biological mechanism that changes a B cell's production of immunoglobulin from one type to another, such as from the isotype IgM to the isotype IgG. [1]
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies (ATA) are autoantibodies against the transglutaminase protein. Detection is considered abnormal, and may indicate one of several conditions . Antibodies serve an important role in the immune system by detecting cells and substances that the rest of the immune system then eliminates.