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  2. Duodecimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodecimal

    The duodecimal system, also known as base twelve or dozenal, is a positional numeral system using twelve as its base.In duodecimal, the number twelve is denoted "10", meaning 1 twelve and 0 units; in the decimal system, this number is instead written as "12" meaning 1 ten and 2 units, and the string "10" means ten.

  3. Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeric_precision_in...

    Similar is done by other spreadsheets, the handling of the different amount of decimal digits which can be exactly stored in the 53 bit mantissa of a 'double' (e.g. 16 digits between 1 and 8, but only 15 between ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ and 1 and between 8 and 10) is somewhat difficult and solved 'suboptimal'.

  4. Windows Calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Calculator

    A simple arithmetic calculator was first included with Windows 1.0. [5]In Windows 3.0, a scientific mode was added, which included exponents and roots, logarithms, factorial-based functions, trigonometry (supports radian, degree and gradians angles), base conversions (2, 8, 10, 16), logic operations, statistical functions such as single variable statistics and linear regression.

  5. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    In general, if an increase of x percent is followed by a decrease of x percent, and the initial amount was p, the final amount is p (1 + 0.01 x)(1 − 0.01 x) = p (1 − (0.01 x) 2); hence the net change is an overall decrease by x percent of x percent (the square of the original percent change when expressed as a decimal number).

  6. Repeating decimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeating_decimal

    For example, in duodecimal, ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ = 0.6, ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ = 0.4, ⁠ 1 / 4 ⁠ = 0.3 and ⁠ 1 / 6 ⁠ = 0.2 all terminate; ⁠ 1 / 5 ⁠ = 0. 2497 repeats with period length 4, in contrast with the equivalent decimal expansion of 0.2; ⁠ 1 / 7 ⁠ = 0. 186A35 has period 6 in duodecimal, just as it does in decimal. If b is an integer base ...

  7. Parts-per notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parts-per_notation

    In fractions like "2 nanometers per meter" (2 n m / m = 2 nano = 2×10 −9 = 2 ppb = 2 × 0.000 000 001), so the quotients are pure-number coefficients with positive values less than or equal to 1. When parts-per notations, including the percent symbol (%), are used in regular prose (as opposed to mathematical expressions), they are still pure ...

  8. Conversion of units - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_of_units

    [2] [3] [4] The factor–label method is the sequential application of conversion factors expressed as fractions and arranged so that any dimensional unit appearing in both the numerator and denominator of any of the fractions can be cancelled out until only the desired set of dimensional units is obtained.

  9. Fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction

    which is the equivalent of 6 1 2 1 11 4 5 9. and would be written in modern notation as 61 / 4 ⁠, 11 / 5 ⁠, and 2 − ⁠ 1 / 9 ⁠ (i.e., 1 ⁠ 8 / 9 ⁠). The horizontal fraction bar is first attested in the work of Al-Hassār (fl. 1200), [35] a Muslim mathematician from Fez, Morocco, who specialized in Islamic inheritance ...