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The limbic system, also known as the paleomammalian cortex, is a set of brain structures located on both sides of the thalamus, ...
The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop (CBGTC loop) is a system of neural circuits in the brain. The loop involves connections between the cortex , the basal ganglia , the thalamus , and back to the cortex.
Cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop [ edit ] The dopaminergic pathways that project from the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) into the striatum (i.e., the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic pathways, respectively) form one component of a sequence of pathways known as the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo ...
The Papez circuit / p eɪ p z /, [1] [2] [unreliable source?] [3] or medial limbic circuit, is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression. In 1937, James Papez proposed that the circuit connecting the hypothalamus to the limbic lobe was the basis for emotional experiences.
The mesocortical pathway is shown here in blue, projecting to the prefrontal cortex from the VTA. The mesocortical pathway is a dopaminergic pathway that connects the ventral tegmentum to the prefrontal cortex.
An addictive drug is defined as a substance that affects the mesolimbic system directly or indirectly by increasing extracellular levels of dopamine. [ 24 ] Common addictive substances such as cocaine , alcohol , and nicotine have been shown to increase extracellular levels of dopamine within the mesolimbic pathway, preferentially within the ...
Amygdala (limbic system) (limbic lobe) Central nucleus (autonomic nervous system) Medial nucleus (accessory olfactory system) Cortical and basomedial nuclei (main olfactory system) Lateral and basolateral nuclei (frontotemporal cortical system) Extended amygdala. Stria terminalis. Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis; Claustrum; Basal ganglia ...
The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).