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The Andean textile tradition once spanned from the Pre-Columbian to the Colonial era throughout the western coast of South America, but was mainly concentrated in what is now Peru. The arid desert conditions along the coast of Peru have allowed for the preservation of these dyed textiles, which can date to 6000 years old. [ 1 ]
Mantle ("The Paracas Textile"), 100-300 C.E. Cotton, camelid fiber, textile: Brooklyn Museum Detail of one shaman showing knife and head. The Paracas textiles were found at a necropolis in Peru in the 1920s. The necropolis held 420 bodies who had been mummified and wrapped in embroidered textiles of the Paracas culture in 200–300 BCE. [1]
The late Paracas phase (380–260 BCE) was linked with the homogenization of Paracas ceramics and the influx of people visiting the huacas in the southern coast of Peru. [7] This period involved the growing presence of the "Oculate Being," a creature that was a major part of the Inca valley.
While humans have created textiles since the dawn of culture, many are fragile and disintegrate rapidly. Ancient textiles are preserved only by special environmental conditions. The oldest known textiles in the Americas are some early fiberwork found in Guitarrero Cave, Peru dating back to 10,100 to 9,080 BCE. [3]
This fish-shaped textile, a complete weaving with 33 finished edges, was stitched with others like it to a mantle, a shawl-like garment that was a staple of ancient Andean wardrobe. The partial “x-ray view,” which emphasizes the bony white teeth and spine, is unique to the style of the Ychsma ( yeach- mah), who lived on Peru’s central coast.
Guitarrero Cave is located in the Callejón de Huaylas valley in Yungay Province, in the Ancash region of Peru. The cave stands 50 m (160 ft) above the Santa River and 2,580 m (8,460 ft) meters above sea level.
The Sican (also Sicán) culture is the name that archaeologist Izumi Shimada gave to the culture that inhabited what is now the north coast of Peru between about 750 and 1375 CE. According to Shimada, Sican means "temple of the Moon". [1] The Sican culture is also referred to as Lambayeque culture, after the
Julio César Tello Rojas (April 11, 1880 – June 3, 1947) was a Peruvian archaeologist. [1] Tello is considered the "father of Peruvian archeology" and was the first indigenous archaeologist in South America.