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Thallium was an effective murder weapon before its effects became understood and an antidote (Prussian blue) was discovered. [7] Thallium is often imported for products like optical lenses and electronics. The US has not manufactured thallium since 1984.
The nuclear stress test exhibits a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity ranging from 85 to 95%. [22] To arrive at the patient's post test likelihood of disease, the interpretation of the stress test result necessitates the integration of the patient's pretest likelihood with the test's sensitivity and specificity.
[1] [2] For thallium it may be used in addition to gastric lavage, activated charcoal, forced diuresis, and hemodialysis. [3] [4] It is given by mouth or nasogastric tube. [2] [4] Prussian blue is also used in the urine to test for G6PD deficiency. [5] Side effects may include constipation, low blood potassium, and stools that are dark.
By the mid-1970s, scientists and clinicians alike began using thallium-201 as the radioisotope of choice for human studies. [8] Individuals could be placed on a treadmill and be "stressed" by the "Bruce protocol" and when near peak performance, could be injected with thallium-201.
The radioisotope thallium-201 (as the soluble chloride TlCl) is used in small amounts as an agent in a nuclear medicine scan, during one type of nuclear cardiac stress test. Soluble thallium salts (many of which are nearly tasteless) are highly toxic and they were historically used in rat poisons and insecticides. Because of their nonselective ...
This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
A 1999 report found that after exclusions, administration accounted for 31.0% of healthcare expenditures in the United States, as compared with 16.7% in Canada. In looking at the insurance element, in Canada, the provincial single-payer insurance system operated with overheads of 1.3%, comparing favourably with private insurance overheads (13.2 ...
As healthcare debate in the United States reached the top of the U.S. domestic policy agenda during the U.S. 2008 presidential race with a combination of "soaring costs" in the healthcare system and an increasing number of Americans without health insurance because of job loss during the recession, the long wait lists of Canada's so-called ...