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Darbepoetin alfa / d ɑːr b ə ˈ p oʊ ɪ t ɪ n / is a re-engineered form of erythropoietin containing 5 amino acid changes (N30, T32, V87, N88, T90) resulting in the creation of 2 new sites for N-linked carbohydrate addition. It has a 3-fold longer serum half-life compared to epoetin alpha and epoetin beta.
They are given by injection. [2] Common side effects may include joint pain, rash, vomiting, and headache. [4] Serious side effects may include heart attacks, stroke, increased cancer growth, or pure red cell aplasia. [2] It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy. [5] [6] They work similar to naturally occurring erythropoietin. [1]
The Prescribing Information follows one of two formats: "physician labeling rule" format or "old" (non-PLR) format. For "old" format labeling a "product title" may be listed first and may include the proprietary name (if any), the nonproprietary name, dosage form(s), and other information about the product. The other sections are as follows:
Chronic self-administration of the drug has been shown to cause increases in blood hemoglobin and hematocrit to abnormally high levels, resulting in dyspnea and abdominal pain. [ 15 ] Erythropoietin is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular complications in patients with kidney disease if it is used to target an increase of ...
Dosage and Administration: Guidelines on how to properly administer the drug, including dosage amounts and frequency. Contraindications: Situations where the drug should not be used. Warnings and precautions: Important safety information and potential risks associated with the drug. Adverse reactions: Common and serious side effects that may occur.
Dosage typically includes information on the number of doses, intervals between administrations, and the overall treatment period. [3] For example, a dosage might be described as "200 mg twice daily for two weeks," where 200 mg represents the individual dose, twice daily indicates the frequency, and two weeks specifies the duration of treatment.
This generally takes the form of subcutaneous injection, e.g. with insulin. Skin popping is a slang term that includes subcutaneous injection, and is usually used in association with recreational drugs. In addition to injection, it is also possible to slowly infuse fluids subcutaneously in the form of hypodermoclysis.
Form Dosage Oral: Methyltestosterone: Tablet: 30–200 mg/day Fluoxymesterone: Tablet: 10–40 mg 3x/day Calusterone: Tablet: 40–80 mg 4x/day Normethandrone: Tablet: 40 mg/day Buccal: Methyltestosterone: Tablet: 25–100 mg/day Injection (IM Tooltip intramuscular injection or SC Tooltip subcutaneous injection) Testosterone propionate: Oil ...