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The carina is a cartilaginous ridge separating the left and right main bronchi that is formed by the inferior-ward and posterior-ward prolongation of the inferior-most tracheal cartilage. [2] The carina occurs at the lower end of the trachea - usually at the level of the 4th to 5th thoracic vertebra.
Meckel's cartilage is a piece of cartilage from which the mandibles (lower jaws) of vertebrates evolved. Originally it was the lower of two cartilages which supported the first branchial arch in early fish. Then it grew longer and stronger, and acquired muscles capable of closing the developing jaw. [1]
The outward sternal protrusion becomes more pronounced as the child reaches age 2 or 3. Pectus carinatum can also be caused by vitamin D deficiency in children due to deposition of unmineralized osteoid. The least common is a pectus carinatum malformation following open-heart surgery or in children with poorly controlled bronchial asthma.
Typically, after courtship, the male fertilises the eggs and then collects them in his mouth, holding onto them until they hatch. During this time he cannot feed. Among the maternal mouthbrooding cichlids, it is quite common (e.g., among the mbuna) for the male to fertilise the eggs only once they are in the female's mouth.
Mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage syndrome or MAGIC syndrome is a condition in which an individual exhibits symptoms of both relapsing polychondritis (RP) and Behcet's disease (BD). [1] Inflammatory ulcers in the mouth, genitalia, and skin are the hallmark of Behcet's disease (BD), a multisystem illness that is chronic and ...
The trachea begins at the lower edge of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx [3] at the level of sixth cervical vertebra (C6) [2] and ends at the carina, the point where the trachea branches into left and right main bronchi., [2] at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra (T4), [2] although its position may change with breathing. [3]
The cricoid cartilage is the only laryngeal cartilage to form a complete circle around the airway. It is smaller yet thicker and tougher than the thyroid cartilage above. [1] It articulates superiorly [citation needed] with the thyroid cartilage, and the paired arytenoid cartilage. Inferiorly, the trachea attaches onto it. [1]
Throughout the mouth, all teeth undergo this same process; it is still uncertain why teeth form various crown shapes—for instance, incisors versus canines. There are two dominant hypotheses . The "field model" proposes there are components for each type of tooth shape found in the ectomesenchyme during tooth development.