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Before and after surgical restoration of the lateral wall (arrow in right-side image) to simulate the function of the missing inferior turbinate. A 2015 meta-analysis identified 128 people treated with surgery from eight studies that were useful to pool, with an age range of 18 to 64, most of whom had been experiencing ENS symptoms for many years.
According to Heetderks, the cycle is the result of alternating congestion and decongestion of the nasal conchae or turbinates, predominantly the inferior turbinates, which are by far the largest of the turbinates in each nasal fossa. Turbinates consist of bony projections covered by erectile tissue, much like the tissues of the penis and clitoris.
This disorder was known since the time of ancient Egypt, almost 4,000 years ago, and descriptions of it are found in the historical medical papyri. In the Edwin Smith Papyrus (1700 BC) it was prescribed a treatment based on wine and breast milk to cure this disease. [4] The ancient Greek and Indian civilizations were aware of atrophic rhinitis. [8]
Illustration of upper respiratory system. In anatomy, a nasal concha (/ ˈ k ɒ n k ə /; pl.: conchae; / ˈ k ɒ n k iː /; Latin for 'shell'), also called a nasal turbinate or turbinal, [1] [2] is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various other animals.
Bullosa refers to the air-filled cavity within the turbinate. [1] It is a normal anatomic variant seen in up to half the population. Occasionally, a large concha bullosa may cause it to bulge sufficiently to obstruct the opening of an adjacent sinus, possibly leading to sleeping apnea or breathing disorder related to areas innervated by the ...
The term childhood disease refers to disease that is contracted or becomes symptomatic before the age of 18 or 21 years old. Many of these diseases can also be contracted by adults. Some childhood diseases include:
Large, swollen inferior turbinates may lead to blockage of nasal breathing. Allergies, exposure to environmental irritants, or a persistent inflammation within the sinuses can lead to turbinate swelling. Deformity of the nasal septum can also result in enlarged turbinates. Treatment of the underlying allergy or irritant may reduce turbinate ...
Eagle syndrome (also termed stylohyoid syndrome, [1] styloid syndrome, [2] stylalgia, [3] styloid-stylohyoid syndrome, [2] or styloid–carotid artery syndrome) [4] is an uncommon condition commonly characterized but not limited to sudden, sharp nerve-like pain in the jaw bone and joint, back of the throat, and base of the tongue, triggered by swallowing, moving the jaw, or turning the neck. [1]