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The Square Peristyle is the modern name for a structure on the east side of the Ancient Agora of Athens, which was among the largest peristyles built in Classical Greece. Construction began around 300 BC, but was abandoned ca. 285-275 BC, leaving the structure unfinished.
The structures of the South Square incorporated building material from the Square Peristyle, a structure in the northeast corner of the Agora which was demolished in the early second century BC. None of this material was used in the Middle Stoa, some was used in the East Building, and a lot was used in South Stoa II.
Reconstruction of a Roman peristyle surrounding a courtyard in Pompeii, Italy. In ancient Greek [1] and Roman architecture, [2] a peristyle (/ ˈ p ɛr ɪ ˌ s t aɪ l /; Ancient Greek: περίστυλον, romanized: perístulon) [3] [4] is a continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or a courtyard.
The earliest areas used by marble workers were the residential and industrial districts southwest of the agora. Another area where marble-workers set up shop was in the South Square, after the sack of Athens by the Roman general Sulla in 86 BC. As the South Square was in ruins, marble-workers were attracted to the remains of the marble temples.
The Roman Agora has not today been fully excavated, but is known to have been an open space surrounded by a peristyle. To its south was a fountain. To its south was a fountain. To its west, behind a marble colonnade, were shops and a Doric propylon (entrance), the Gate of Athena Archegetis .
All rooms measured roughly 4.86 metres square and have an off-set doorway on the northern side, except for the central room (Room VIII), which was entered from a narrow vestibule (1.45 metres wide) to the east, which itself had a door at the northern end. [4] [3] [1] These doorways were 1.2 metres wide and have sockets for double doors.
Thompson and Wycherley argued that the whole South Square was an expansion of the lawcourt located in the Aiakeion. In this case, South Stoa II would have been used for jury trials. [ 8 ] This argument is strengthened by the discovery of several allotment machines in the nearby Middle Stoa and the likelihood that the Square Peristyle had also ...
The stoa is frequently mentioned in literary and epigraphical sources. [1] It was built by one Peisianax, a brother-in-law of Kimon, in the 460s BC, [2] and it was therefore originally known as the "Peisianactean Stoa" (ἡ Πεισιανάκτειος στοά, hē Peisianákteios stoá). [3]