Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Given a discrete-time stationary ergodic stochastic process on the probability space (,,), the asymptotic equipartition property is an assertion that, almost surely, (,, …,) where () or simply denotes the entropy rate of , which must exist for all discrete-time stationary processes including the ergodic ones.
Slow motion video of a glass cup smashing on a concrete floor. In the very short time period of the breaking process, the entropy of the mass making up the glass cup rises sharply, as the matter and energy of the glass disperse. The concept of entropy can be described qualitatively as a measure of energy dispersal at a specific temperature. [65]
Loss on ignition (LOI) is a test used in inorganic analytical chemistry and soil science, particularly in the analysis of minerals and the chemical makeup of soil. It consists of strongly heating ( "igniting" ) a sample of the material at a specified temperature, allowing volatile substances to escape, until its mass ceases to change.
In this form the relative entropy generalizes (up to change in sign) both the discrete entropy, where the measure m is the counting measure, and the differential entropy, where the measure m is the Lebesgue measure. If the measure m is itself a probability distribution, the relative entropy is non-negative, and zero if p = m as measures.
In computer architecture, the test-and-set CPU instruction (or instruction sequence) is designed to implement mutual exclusion in multiprocessor environments. Although a correct lock can be implemented with test-and-set, the test and test-and-set optimization lowers resource contention caused by bus locking, especially cache coherency protocol overhead on contended locks.
In information theory, the cross-entropy between two probability distributions and , over the same underlying set of events, measures the average number of bits needed to identify an event drawn from the set when the coding scheme used for the set is optimized for an estimated probability distribution , rather than the true distribution .
A positive void coefficient means that the reactivity increases as the void content inside the reactor increases due to increased boiling or loss of coolant; for example, if the coolant acts predominantly as neutron absorber. This positive void coefficient causes a positive feedback loop, starting with the first occurrence of steam bubbles ...
In computer science and information theory, a Huffman code is a particular type of optimal prefix code that is commonly used for lossless data compression.The process of finding or using such a code is Huffman coding, an algorithm developed by David A. Huffman while he was a Sc.D. student at MIT, and published in the 1952 paper "A Method for the Construction of Minimum-Redundancy Codes".