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Appreciative inquiry (AI) is a model that seeks to engage stakeholders in self-determined change.According to Gervase Bushe, professor of leadership and organization development at the Beedie School of Business and a researcher on the topic, "AI revolutionized the field of organization development and was a precursor to the rise of positive organization studies and the strengths based movement ...
The indirection pattern supports low coupling and reuses potential between two elements by assigning the responsibility of mediation between them to an intermediate object. An example of this is the introduction of a controller component for mediation between data (model) and its representation (view) in the model-view-controller pattern.
In the basic assignment problem, each agent is assigned to at most one task and each task is assigned to at most one agent. In the many-to-many assignment problem, [10] each agent i may take up to c i tasks (c i is called the agent's capacity), and each task j may be taken by up to d j agents simultaneously (d j is called the task's capacity).