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A basis (or reference frame) of a (universal) algebra is a function that takes some algebra elements as values () and satisfies either one of the following two equivalent conditions. Here, the set of all b ( i ) {\displaystyle b(i)} is called the basis set , whereas several authors call it the "basis".
The FBISE was established under the FBISE Act 1975. [2] It is an autonomous body of working under the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training. [3] The official website of FBISE was launched on June 7, 2001, and was inaugurated by Mrs. Zobaida Jalal, the Minister for Education [4] The first-ever online result of FBISE was announced on 18 August 2001. [5]
An antonym is one of a pair of words with opposite meanings. Each word in the pair is the antithesis of the other. A word may have more than one antonym. There are three categories of antonyms identified by the nature of the relationship between the opposed meanings.
Let K be an algebraic number field, and let O K be its ring of integers.Let b 1, ..., b n be an integral basis of O K (i.e. a basis as a Z-module), and let {σ 1, ..., σ n} be the set of embeddings of K into the complex numbers (i.e. injective ring homomorphisms K → C).
Rigor is a cornerstone quality of mathematics, and can play an important role in preventing mathematics from degenerating into fallacies. well-behaved An object is well-behaved (in contrast with being Pathological ) if it satisfies certain prevailing regularity properties, or if it conforms to mathematical intuition (even though intuition can ...
Mathematical logic is the study of formal logic within mathematics.Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory (also known as computability theory).
In mathematics, for a function :, the image of an input value is the single output value produced by when passed . The preimage of an output value y {\displaystyle y} is the set of input values that produce y {\displaystyle y} .
Equivalence class: given an equivalence relation, [] often denotes the equivalence class of the element x. 3. Integral part : if x is a real number , [ x ] {\displaystyle [x]} often denotes the integral part or truncation of x , that is, the integer obtained by removing all digits after the decimal mark .