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The sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) is a relatively small species of sturgeon from Eurasia native to large rivers that flow into the Black Sea, Azov Sea, and Caspian Sea, as well as rivers in Siberia as far east as Yenisei. Populations migrating between fresh and salt water have been extirpated. [1] It is also known as the sterlet sturgeon.
Globally, sturgeon fisheries are of great value, primarily as a source for caviar, but also for flesh. [43] Several species of sturgeon are harvested for their roe which is processed into caviar—a delicacy, and the reason why caviar-producing sturgeons are among the most valuable and endangered of all wildlife resources. [44]
Fish cages on the river Suda Packing department. Russian Caviar House fish farm is the largest in Russia and Europe. In 2015 the company's broodstock reached 800 tons, and the annual production of black caviar was 25 thousand kilograms, which corresponded to more than 70% of legal supplies to the Russian market.
In Russian, there are different names for the species of sturgeon that live in various territories, such as Beluga (Huso huso), Sevruga (Acipenser stellatus) and Sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus). The name Ossetra corresponds to the species Acipenser gueldenstaedtii , which is much smaller than Beluga sturgeon ( Huso huso ), and has a firmer texture.
The kaluga (Huso dauricus), also known as the river beluga, is a large predatory sturgeon found in the Amur River basin from Russia to China and near Hokkaido in Japan. [1] With a maximum size of at least 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) and 5.6 m (18 ft), the kaluga is one of the biggest of the sturgeon family.
In the wake of over-fishing, the harvest and sale of black caviar were banned in Russia in 2007. [22] The ban on sturgeon fishing in the Caspian Sea has led to the development of aquaculture as an economically viable means of commercial caviar production. [23] Russian caviar exports were also banned from 2002 to 2011. [24]
The Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) is a species of sturgeon in the family Acipenseridae. It is most present in all of the major Siberian river basins that drain northward into the Kara , Laptev and East Siberian Seas , including the Ob , Yenisei (which drains Lake Baikal via the Angara River ) Lena , and Kolyma Rivers .
A rare type of caviar known as Imperial Caviar, from the Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus), a now nearly extinct species of sturgeon from the Caspian Sea, [3] is sometimes incorrectly labeled as Sevruga, as well as the even rarer Golden Caviar from the albino Sterlet, the caviar being yellow in color.
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