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Drug delivery systems have been around for many years, but there are a few recent applications of drug delivery that warrant 1. Drug delivery to the brain: Many drugs can be harmful when administered systemically; the brain is very sensitive to medications and can easily cause damage if a drug is administered directly into the bloodstream.
Nicotinic receptor: see also Nicotinic agonist, Ganglionic blocker and Neuromuscular-blocking drug) Ion channels gated by other mechanisms (e.g. light gated and mechanosensitive ion channels). These types of channels can also be pharmacologically modulated. For lists of the substances that pharmacologically modulate them, see their respective ...
In parallel to the development of neuromodulation systems to address motor impairment, cochlear implants were the first neuromodulation system to reach a broad commercial stage to address a functional deficit; they provide sound perception in users who are hearing-impaired due to missing or damaged sensory cells (cilia) in the inner ear.
Controlled drug release systems can be achieved through several methods. Rate-programmed drug delivery systems are tuned to the diffusivity of active agents across the membrane. [44] Another delivery-release mechanism is activation-modulated drug delivery, where the release is triggered by environmental stimuli.
A drug carrier or drug vehicle is a substrate used in the process of drug delivery which serves to improve the selectivity, effectiveness, and/or safety of drug administration. [1] Drug carriers are primarily used to control the release of drugs into systemic circulation.
Systems used with pH-responsive polymers include implantable hydrogels and micro- and nanoparticles. pH-responsive drug delivery systems are particularly suitable for the design of chemotherapeutic delivery systems due to the naturally low pH found in tumor microenvironments, but can be applied in other disease settings where the pH of the ...
An application of stretch-triggered drug delivery systems is the delivery of chemotherapy triggered by esophageal stent expansion. [4] Also, the incorporation of several drugs into stretch-triggered autonomous drug release systems is a possibility, allowing drugs to be released by the same or different signals. [ 1 ]
The conventional drug delivery system is the absorption of the drug across a biological membrane, whereas the targeted release system releases the drug in a dosage form. The advantages to the targeted release system is the reduction in the frequency of the dosages taken by the patient, having a more uniform effect of the drug, reduction of drug ...