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In microbiology, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the lowest concentration of a chemical, usually a drug, which prevents visible in vitro growth of bacteria or fungi. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] MIC testing is performed in both diagnostic [ 1 ] [ 2 ] and drug discovery laboratories.
The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is the lowest concentration of an antibacterial agent required to kill a particular bacterium. [1] It can be determined from broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests by subculturing to agar plates that do not contain the test agent.
Bacteria are marked as sensitive, resistant, or having intermediate resistance to an antibiotic based on the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is the lowest concentration of the antibiotic that stops the growth of bacteria. The MIC is compared to standard threshold values (called "breakpoints") for a given bacterium and antibiotic. [28]
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Etest is a quantitative technique for determining the MIC of microoganisms. It is used for a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria such as Pseudomonas, [2] [3] Staphylococcus, [4] and Enterococcus species, [5] as well as fastidious bacteria, such as Neisseria and Streptococcus pneumoniae. [1]
The maximal information coefficient uses binning as a means to apply mutual information on continuous random variables. Binning has been used for some time as a way of applying mutual information to continuous distributions; what MIC contributes in addition is a methodology for selecting the number of bins and picking a maximum over many possible grids.